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justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(1) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a .. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2020.09.05\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a-\u0645\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0625\u0644\u0649-\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0(2) Haaretz; Iran and Syria Seal Military Cooperation Agreement; 28.08.2018; Link:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/middle-east-news\/syria\/2018-08-28\/ty-article\/iran-and-syria-seal-military-cooperation-agreement\/0000017f-f802-d47e-a37f-f93e6b760000<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(3) \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0641\u061b \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0631-\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2020.03.26\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/research\/2020\/03\/russia-and-syrian-military-reform-challenges-and-opportunities?lang=ar&#038;center=middle-east<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(4) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061b \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639.. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2024.12.11\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/www.alarabiya.net\/arab-and-world\/syria\/2024\/12\/11\/\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644-\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627-\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639-\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(5) \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u061b \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646.. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2024.12.22\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/arabic.euronews.com\/2024\/12\/22\/syria-sharaa-vows-to-disarm-armed-groups-including-sds-kurds-turkey-fm-newser<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(6) \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061b \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2024.12.15\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/news\/2024\/12\/15\/\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627-\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627-\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(7) \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639: \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a 30 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2007.05.12\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">http:\/\/parliament.gov.sy\/arabic\/index.php?node=201&#038;nid=4921&#038;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(8) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\/ 2023\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(*) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(9) \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0641\u061b \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0631-\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2020.03.26\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/research\/2020\/03\/the-efficiency-of-the-syrian-armed-forces-an-analysis-of-russian-assistance?lang=ar&#038;center=middle-east<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a.. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2020.09.05\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a-\u0645\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0625\u0644\u0649-\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Haaretz; Iran and Syria Seal Military Cooperation Agreement; 28.08.2018; Link:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/middle-east-news\/syria\/2018-08-28\/ty-article\/iran-and-syria-seal-military-cooperation-agreement\/0000017f-f802-d47e-a37f-f93e6b760000<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0641\u061b \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0631-\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2020.03.26\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/research\/2020\/03\/russia-and-syrian-military-reform-challenges-and-opportunities?lang=ar&#038;center=middle-east<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061b \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639.. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2024.12.11\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/www.alarabiya.net\/arab-and-world\/syria\/2024\/12\/11\/\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644-\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627-\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639-\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u061b \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646.. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2024.12.22\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/arabic.euronews.com\/2024\/12\/22\/syria-sharaa-vows-to-disarm-armed-groups-including-sds-kurds-turkey-fm-newser<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061b \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2024.12.15\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/news\/2024\/12\/15\/\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627-\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627-\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> http:\/\/parliament.gov.sy\/arabic\/index.php?node=201&amp;nid=4921&amp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\/ 2023\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">*<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[9]<\/a> \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0641\u061b \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0631-\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 2020.03.26\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/research\/2020\/03\/the-efficiency-of-the-syrian-armed-forces-an-analysis-of-russian-assistance?lang=ar&#038;center=middle-east<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 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